Do You Need Planning Permission for Solar Panels?

This article will explore the general rules, conditions, and special circumstances where planning permission might be required.

Installing solar panels on residential properties in the UK is often straightforward and typically does not require planning permission. However, there are specific conditions and exceptions to be aware of.

One of the most common questions when considering solar panels is whether planning permission is needed. For most residential installations, planning permission is not required, thanks to Permitted Development Rights. However, there are specific criteria and exceptions. Let’s explore these in detail.

General Rules: Permitted Development Rights

In the UK, solar panel installations on residential properties are generally covered under Permitted Development Rights, meaning you don’t need to apply for planning permission if your installation meets certain conditions.

Key Conditions for Permitted Development

Panel Size and Location

The solar panels must not protrude more than 200mm from the plane of the wall or roof slope.
Panels should be positioned to minimise the effect on the external appearance of the building and the amenity of the area.

Building and Roof Restrictions

Panels should not be installed above the highest part of the roof (excluding the chimney).
For flat roofs, the panels should be set back from the edge of the roof to minimise visual impact.

Heritage and Designated Areas

If your property is in a conservation area, National Park, Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB), or World Heritage Site, additional restrictions apply. Panels on the principal or side elevation of the house that is visible from a highway may require planning permission.
For listed buildings, any installation affecting the character or appearance of the building will require Listed Building Consent.

Land and Ground-Mounted Systems

Ground-mounted solar systems must be within the property’s curtilage and not exceed 4 metres in height.
Only one ground-mounted system is permitted within the curtilage of a house, and it must not exceed 9 square metres or occupy more than 50% of the garden area.

Exceptions Requiring Planning Permission

Even under Permitted Development Rights, there are scenarios where planning permission might be necessary:

Properties on Protected Land: Special rules apply if you live in a conservation area, AONB, National Park, or World Heritage Site.
Listed Buildings: Any installation on or affecting a listed building will likely require planning permission and Listed Building Consent.
Non-Residential Installations: Commercial properties or solar farms often require planning permission due to their scale and impact.

Conservation Areas and Listed Buildings

If you live in a conservation area or own a listed building, specific guidelines need to be followed:

Conservation Areas: Panels should not be installed on the front elevation of the property or any side elevation visible from a public highway. Rear installations are usually preferred to preserve the character of the area.
Listed Buildings: Any installation that alters the building’s character requires Listed Building Consent. This applies to both external and significant internal changes related to the solar installation.

Flats and Apartments

For flats and apartments, the rules can be more complex:

Communal Decision: If you share the roof with other residents, you will need permission from the property owner or managing agent.
Planning Permission: Installing panels on a shared roof or a block of flats may require planning permission due to the potential impact on the building's overall appearance and structure.

New Builds and Large-Scale Installations

New Builds: If you are incorporating solar panels into a new build project, they can often be included as part of the planning permission for the new build itself.
Large-Scale Systems: Commercial and large-scale installations, such as solar farms, require planning permission due to their size and impact on the landscape.

Applying for Planning Permission

If your installation does not meet the criteria for Permitted Development, you will need to apply for planning permission. Here’s how to proceed:

Consult Your Local Planning Authority (LPA)

Contact your LPA for specific advice on your installation. They can provide guidance based on local policies and requirements.

Prepare Your Application

Gather the necessary documents, including detailed plans and descriptions of the installation. Highlight how the panels will be positioned and their impact on the building and surroundings.

Submit Your Application

Submit your application through the Planning Portal or directly to your LPA. There may be a fee associated with the application.

Await Decision

The LPA will review your application, which typically takes about 8 weeks. They may visit the site and consult with neighbours before making a decision.

Conclusion

For most residential properties, installing solar panels does not require planning permission under Permitted Development Rights. However, certain conditions and exceptions apply, particularly for listed buildings, conservation areas, and non-residential properties.

To ensure a smooth installation process, it’s always a good idea to consult with professionals and your local planning authority to understand the specific requirements for your property.

Further Guidance

What Are Solar Panels?

How Do Solar Panels Work?

Do Solar Panels Save Money?

How Much are Solar Panels?

Do Solar Panels Increase Home Value?

Do Solar Panels Need Direct Sunlight?

How are Solar Panels Installed?

How Long Do Solar Panels Last?

How Much Electricity Do Solar Panels Produce?